How to Memorize Times Tables Using Multiplication Games

Learning times tables or multiplication facts is more effective when you make the learning process fun. Fortunately, there are a variety of games for children that require very little effort to play that will help them learn the rules of multiplication and commit them to memory. Multiplication Snap Card Game An easy way to practice times tables at home, the multiplication snap card game requires only an ordinary deck of playing cards. Remove the face cards from the deck.Shuffle the remaining cards.Distribute the cards between two players.Each player keeps their pile of cards face-down.At the same time, each player turns over a card.The first player to multiply the two numbers together and state the answer is the winner and takes the cards.The first player to collect all of the cards or the most cards in a specific amount of time is declared the winner. This game should only be played with children who have a good grasp of their multiplication tables. Random facts are only helpful if a child has already mastered the twos, fives, 10s, and squares (two-by-two, three-by-three, four-by-four, five-by-five, etc.) times tables. If not, it is important to modify the game. To do this, concentrate on a single fact family or squares. In this case, one child turns over a card and it is always multiplied by four, or whichever times tables are currently being worked on. For working on the squares, each time a card is turned over, the child that multiplies it by the same number wins. When playing the modified version, the players take turns revealing a card, as only one card is needed. For instance, if a four is turned over, the first child to say 16 wins; if a five is turned over, the first to say 25 wins. Two Hands Multiplication Game This is another two-player game that requires nothing but a method to keep score. It is a bit like rock-paper-scissors as each child says three, two, one, and then they hold up one or both hands to represent a number. The first child to multiply the two numbers together and say it out loud gets a point. The first child to 20 points (or any number agreed upon) wins the game. This particular game is also a great game for playing in the car. Paper Plate Multiplication Facts Take 10 or 12 paper plates and print one number on each plate. Give each child a set of paper plates. Each child takes a turn holding up two plates, and if their partner responds with the correct answer within five seconds, they earn a point. Then its that childs turn to hold up two plates and the other childs chance to multiply the numbers. Consider  awarding small pieces of candy for this game as it provides some incentive. A point system can also be used, and the first person to 15 or 25 points wins. Roll the Dice Game Using dice to commit the multiplication facts to memory is similar to the multiplication snap and paper plate games. Players take turns rolling two dice and the first one to multiply the number rolled by a given number wins a point. Establish the number that the dice will be multiplied by. For instance, if you are working on the nine times table, each time the dice are rolled, the number is multiplied by nine. If children are working on squares, each time the dice are rolled, the number rolled is multiplied by itself. A variation of this game is for one child to roll the dice after the other child specifies the number used to multiply the roll. This allows each child to play an active part in the game.

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Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1112 Words

Davin Wilhelm Mrs. Walker HN English IV 4/22/15 Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus, is a novel written by English author Mary Shelley about the struggles of a successful scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who creates a ludicrous but sentimental creature in an unorthodox scientific experiment. In this great expedition, Shelley expresses many matters ranging from the emotional makeup of each character and their own unique psychological conditions. This story also conveys, in many ways, how identity is imperative and the significance of each individual’s identity in comparison to the story, which includes Victor’s, the creatures’, and the impactful cottagers’. Identity is based on any†¦show more content†¦A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. No father could claim in gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs. His excesses eventually destroy him from the inside out. Ultimately Victor represents the part of the mind that is governed by the natural impulses of maddness. He is identified by his narcissistic nature and his unforgettable decisions. As for the creature it becomes clear that he is not a monster but a human being who has just recently progressed through stages of development equivalent to those of an infant. Upon birth he is very aware and soon he begins to develop senses and finds wonder and amazement in the new world around him. When the monster describes himself, its all sunshine and light. He has visions of other creatures keeping him company ; he sees some characters as superior beings (12.17); he describes himself as having good dispositions.† However, besides the amazement and overall effect of the new world, the Creature is confronted with the flaw of hideousness. Victor describes his own making by, â€Å"His limbs were in proportion, and I had selected his features as beautiful. Beautiful! Great God! His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast

Similarities and Differences Between Romeo and Juliet and...

1. How does civilization breakdown as time passes in RJ and LOTF? †¢ Montague and Capulet families have been bitter enemies for generations. †¢ Bitter hate even extend to the families’ servants who open the play fighting in the streets. †¢ Arguments end up in fights resulting in murder, followed by revenge and more murder – Tybalt kills Mercutio, Romeo kills Tybalt despite knowing that Tybalt is his new wife’s cousin. †¢ Juliet finds out that Romeo kills her cousin, but tolerates it. †¢ Juliet would rather die than marry Paris †¢ Romeo kills Paris †¢ Double Suicides – First Romeo, then Juliet after she wakes up †¢ No Parents are around for maturity and authority after the children arrive at the island †¢ Jack goes from hesitating to kill a pig†¦show more content†¦His gang grows more violent as they hunt more †¢ When Simon was coming back after his illusions with the â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, he is viciously attacked for being mistaken as the â€Å"beast† and is killed as a result †¢ At the end of the novel, Ralph was being hunted and was to be killed by Jack’s gang 5. Justice is weaker than hate in RJ and LOTF †¢ Because of the public feud between the two families, Romeo and Juliet has to keep their love and marriage secret †¢ Tybalt’s murder by Romeo is tolerated by Juliet †¢ Both lovers committed suicide for each other †¢ Ralph wanted to build more shelters and signal fires, but Jack disagreed and wanted to hunt †¢ Ralph, Piggy, and Simon wanted peace and cooperation, but Jack and his gang wanted violence †¢ Piggy and Simon died tragically, and Ralph was about to be killed as well 6. The quest for a good society is lost in RJ and LOTF †¢ Montague and Capulet families have been bitter enemies for generations. †¢ Families hate for one another even extended down to their servants and their friends. †¢ Each lovers’ parents were bitter and unforgiving which they did not hide from their children. †¢ Murder, Revenge, more murder, and suicide developed †¢ It finally took the deaths of their children to get the Montagues and Capulets to stop fighting. This is a great cost. †¢ Without parents, which means noShow MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Lord Of The Flies And Romeo And Juliet752 Words   |  4 Pagesbooks Lord of the Flies and Romeo and Juliet. These two books shared similar conflicts within their plots. Both of the books had an emotional aspect that had caused the conflicts within the story and shows that it’s valid that making decisions based on your emotions leads to negative outcomes. In Lord of the Flies, there are two characters that control two different tribes towards the end of the book. Ralph and Jack both have two different point of views on things. Through Lord of the Flies, JackRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay2269 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In Romeo and Juliet, the characters of both Juliet and her father, Lord Capulet, and their relationship is very much affected by not only the way in which each character conducts themselves, but also by prominent views of the public, such as the role of women in society and patriarchy. Through their relationship, Shakespeare explores many emotions, and allows himself to develop and change their relationship throughout the playRead MoreJuliets Change Throughout William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1611 Words   |  7 PagesJuliets Change Throughout William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In every love story there has to be a heroine, two people falling in love, obstacles and a happy or tragic ending. Romeo and Juliet is a play which has all these ingredients. This story has similarities to Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte. Both are love stories, but Romeo Juliet fall in love at first sight, whereas Jane Eyre and Mr Rochester grow to love each other as time passes. There are obstacles thatRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 Pagesmind: Is this a topic you can adequately address within the word or page limit you’ve been given? Conversely, is this a topic big enough to fill the required length? Good Questions â€Å"Are Romeo and Juliet’s parents responsible for the deaths of their children?† â€Å"Why do pigs keep showing up in Lord of the Flies?† â€Å"Are Dr. Frankenstein and his monster alike? How?† Bad Questions â€Å"What happens to Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird?† â€Å"What do the other characters in Julius Caesar think about Caesar?† Read MoreVarian Solution153645 Words   |  615 Pagesused in the text. Remember that the reservation price of a consumer is that price where he is just indiï ¬â‚¬erent between renting or not renting the apartment. At any price below the reservation price the consumer will demand one apartment, at any price above the reservation price the consumer will demand zero apartments, and exactly at the reservation price the consumer will be indiï ¬â‚¬erent between having zero or one apartment. You should also observe that when demand curves have the â€Å"staircase† shape usedRead MoreLanguage of Advertising20371 Words   |  82 Pageswe also know the TV version of this, placed between the programs on certain channels. It is undoubtedly true that advertisements are texts that do their best to get our attention, to make us turn towards them. Ad-phenomenon is extremely multifaceted and multidimensional. Therefore it is not surprising that there is a considerable variety of interpretations of the concepts and definitions of the term. Advertising occupies a border position between the various professional fields and attractsRead MoreShes Dating the Gangster149221 Words   |  597 Pagesniya. ATHENA! HINTAYIN MO AKO SA BACK GATE PAGTAPOS NG CLASS NATIN! without looking at me he said that. Then he waved. I m pretty sure they all heard him!! OMGSH! What do I do His groupies might kill me! Baka balatan nila ako ng buhay! LORD HELP ME! Habang paakyat ako ng stairs, naririnig kong ako yung pinag uusapan nila. Omg!! Narinig mo ba yung kanina? Nag-papaantay si Kenji sa kanya.. I know! Pero bakit naman siya? I mean.. pano na lang si Abigail? OMG!! NARINIG NIYO

Online Dating Essay - 722 Words

A few years ago, I was given my first computer and was introduced to the World Wide Web, and America Online (AOL) chat rooms. It never occurred to me that I would meet someone online that I would consider being in a relationship with, nor talk to more than a few times. I thought wrong. In todays society where almost anything and everything is done online, online dating is not an uncommon or taboo thing to do anymore. There are numerous websites with billions of subscribers, who pay up to forty dollars a month, looking for their perfect matches. A few for examples would be: Match.com, Eharmony.com, FaceTheJury.com, Yahoo Personals, chat rooms, and the list continues. These websites let people create detailed profiles about themselves†¦show more content†¦After I knew I could trust him I wanted to extend or relationship from the computer so, we started talking on the phone and sending regular mail, or quot;snail mailquot;, to each other. When it comes to taking the relationship offline and in person, there is always in issue with safety. It is important to find out as much as you can about that person to be sure they are whom they say they are, and pose no danger to you. If the person is reluctant to let you get to know their friends or others close to th em, they may be suspicious. If you find that the person is not being truthful, it is best to limit contact with them and move on to someone new. There have been stories on the news about young girls meeting privately with friends they met online, who turn out to be older men or someone they were not expecting. These young girls end up being raped, kidnapped, or murdered. This happens rarely, but enough to make it an issue. Recently a movie was made in order to spread awareness about how dangerous meeting someone online can be. The story entails a young girl who was murdered by a man she met online, and a team of detectives who create a similar scenario, by posing as a young girl, in order to capture the man when they arranged a meeting. Obviously all cases do not end up badly. The popular movie quot;Youve Got Mailquot; features a couple that knew each other in person, butShow MoreRelatedOnline Dating Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesOnline Dating Some people today feel they cannot meet someone in their everyday lives so they turn to the internet to find a prospective partner, people us the internet as a way of meeting new people Online dating has become the new way of finding your soul mate The internet has made dating more convenient you no longer to have to go out to a bar and spend money trying to impress or you really don’t have, for people who are shy this is the perfect way to screen a potential in the privacy. I thoughtRead MoreWhy Are Online Dating Websites?1407 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different online dating websites, so how would you know how to pick the right one. One of the more popular companies is called eHarmony that started in 2000, research by Gupta, Murtha, and Patel supports, under the premise that it matched couples scientifically on 29 dimensions of compatibility. Unlike other dating sites, eHarmony focuses specifically on creating lifelong matches and has marketed the company accordin gly. Originally, eHarmony was based on strong Christian principlesRead MoreOnline Dating And The Internet Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesthe internet offer online dating or match making services. Despite being a relatively young industry, online dating has already become one of the most profitable types of business found on the internet. Online dating services now attract millions of users every day, and the industry is making hundreds of millions of dollars each year. Online dating provides an efficient way for people to meet with partners and to get to know them through e-mails and chats. Of the many online dating sites, PlentyofFishRead MoreThe Donts of Online Dating1236 Words   |  5 Pagesher head down and fast and shaking leaves the road. Could this ever happen with an online dating site? Absolutely not; online dating is increasing; according to ABC news article, an estimated 40 million Americans use online dating services in the hope to meet â€Å"The one†. There are more than 1,400 web sites in the $700 million a year business. But, are they safe and truthful as they say on their profile? Online dating is dangerous because gives an opportunity to sexual predators to hide behind fakeRead MoreThe Problem Of Online Dating Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesThere’s no question that dating 40 years ago was much different than dating now. While back then we actually had to go out and meet somebody to be seen, now, with the click of a button, our entire lives can instantly go public. Social media has created this labeling phenomenon in which individuals ca n categorize another based on a certain trait. Take online dating, for example. We set up a profile that includes hobbies, interests, places lived, and even sometimes body shape. But the most importantRead MoreOnline Dating : An Ideal Type Of Dating849 Words   |  4 PagesOnline dating is a fairly common occurrence in our society. Beginning with chatrooms in the early 90’s and expanding to mobile dating apps such as tinder and grinder (Kennedy, 2010), online dating has become an institutionalized part of romantic encounters in our society (Kennedy, 2010). Early 2000’s television and film such as â€Å"You’ve Got Mail†, and â€Å"Sex in the City† show case the increased popularity of online dating during the time, and by looking at the variety of online dating websites andRead MoreOnline Dating Vs. Internet Dating1574 Words   |  7 Pagesto understand married people going frequenting online dating sites. I now realize after Googling married peo ple online dating that married people using online dating services is not only a very common practice, there appear to be online dating service that target married people looking for a date or more. Many married people are finding the temptation of online dating irritable. On e website is stating that 150,000 married people join online dating sites each month and these sites are doing thereRead MoreWhat Are Online Dating?1300 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is online dating? How can you be sure that the person on the other side of the computer is telling the truth about their everyday life? Sometimes we see someone online and even though they meet everything we are looking for, they might not always turn out to be who they really are. I believe that online dating is not a good way to meet someone simply because of the amount of times people lie about their profile. This has become a reoccurring problem with online dating. They made a show calledRead MoreEffects of Online Dating on Socie ty 1875 Words   |  8 Pagespeople and dating be any different? A concept of meeting people without the face to face interaction is something that is more than appealing to a large group of people. While this concept is not new and has been around for years, it has had a dramatic increase over the past few years. According to a study done by Patti M. Valkenburg and Jochen Peter the number of dating sites has increased by 17% in the past two years and about 37% of single Americans that use the internet have gone to a dating site (ValkenburgRead MoreThe Problem Of Online Dating997 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has never been a time with more options, many fueled by modern technology. Internet dating is an option that works extremely well for busy singles. Simply crerating a online p4rofile on a dating site gives busy singles the ability to screen hundreds of potential matches that could very well be The One. However, it s often the processes that appear easiest that have the most hid dlen loopholes. Online dating requires skill, caution and doing things just the right way. There are a number of tips

Expanded Direct Admission Scheme in Singapore- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theExpanded Direct Admission Scheme in Singapore. Answer: Introduction One of the best systems that exist in Singapore is their education system. It is ranking as the best in the world. One of the recent changes the system is the introduction of Direct Admission Scheme which aims at admitting students gifted non-academically in areas of sports and arts. However, in recent times, there are debates on whether it is achieving its intended purpose or if it is time to call for a review on the same. Therefore, in this paper, I intend to take the position that there is need to examine the scheme so that it achieves its intended purpose which is to promote students gifted non-academically. Issues and Argument for or against DSA Firstly, the scheme by definition denotes a program put in place in Singapore to select students gifted in sports and arts for top schools which will make it possible for them to realize their full potential (Neihart, Teo, 2013). In this regard, the students may secure a place in the top secondary schools without sitting for academic entry examination. In its current state, the program faces criticism of being diluted by academically gifted students, parents and heads of schools to erode its initial purpose. Several issues surround the current expansion of the scheme. Firstly, the government believes that there is the need for the education system to have a different outlook in the sense that it does not focus only on the academic ability but also other talents like arts and sports. Secondly, some citizen of Singapore claims that allowing application from students gifted academically and those not gifted for the same does not make the scheme serve its initial goal which was to nurture talents that are not academically (Ponnusamy, Gopinathan, 2013). Thus, below are arguments that show why only those with arts and sports talents must pass through the expanded scheme. Firstly, the reason for a further revision is to conform to its initial goal which is to cater for students with art and sports talents. However, over the recent past, and because the avenue does not forbid those gifted academically to pass through, is being used for the academically gifted at the expense of the other group (Christensen, 2015). For instance, the Ministry of Education (MOE) 2012 research indicates that sixty percent of those admitted via the scheme would have done the same based on their academic score, and only forty percent represented students talented in either arts or sports (Tan, 2017). Therefore, it is evident that a program meant to enable one group to interact and use better resources is open to all parties in a competitive way. Thus, the emerging trend based on the research calls for a revision of the scheme to enable only those talented in sports and arts and not the academically gifted ones. Secondly, the existence of Primary School Leaving Examination gives an opportunity for the academically gifted students to prove themselves and join top schools. Therefore, there is no need at all to incorporate them or rather give them a second opportunity to compete in other settings (Jiayi, 2014). Direct School Admission School expanded scheme ought to solely be left for those with arts and sports talents to access top schools which will ultimately enable them to succeed in what they are best at and not academics (Wan, Liu-Loh, Cheng, Khim, Wong, Krishnan, Hwan, 2015). The top schools will, therefore, have students that are gifted in academic, arts and sports. On the other hand, there are arguments on whether the DSA is a back door for students to join top schools. For instance, the minister for Education categorically said that the DSAs aim is not to enable students to get into popular schools which they do not deserve. Thus, as much as it is a good idea to phase out students talented academically in this scheme, those passing through DSA has to undergo thorough interview and auditions. In addition to that, making the scheme to be purely for those with talents in arts and sports bring diversity into top schools (Tan, 2013). It is also emerging that top schools use this system to admit academically gifted students from elite schools. It is for this reason that the ministry ought to review the system to ensure that only non-academic talents apply for the same. On the other hand, it is not prudent to argue that a revision of the scheme must be done to lock out those gifted academically. Firstly, the process of DSA involves interview, auditions, and tests. Therefore, in as much as they possess academic talents, they will also be tested on non-academic talents. Therefore, to a larger extent, revising the scheme to lock them out is a bit illogical. Additionally, a good education system comprises of arts, sports, and academics. Therefore, it is worth noting that students with all these qualities are way too desirable and bring a lot of diversity in a school (Chua, 2016). Lastly, advocating for the interest of one group must not be by suppressing the other. Therefore, there ought not to be any revision to the current DSA scheme to make it purely for nonacademic talent, but rather, one that embraces all groups and selects students based on merits. Conclusion Expanded DSA is a program in Singapore that aims at increasing the intake of students in non-academic talents into top secondary schools. However, issues are emerging from the public as to whether the scheme must involve only those talented non-academically. Some of the arguments supporting the review argue that revising the scheme will make it possible to achieve its initial objective. Additionally, giving room for another party to join the program reduces the diversity for which the program aims to bring into top schools. On the other hand, not accepting an application for students gifted academically through DSA is illogical as they will undergo the same tests to determine their talents in arts and sports. But still, there is need for the scheme to reserve application for students gifted non-academically as the reasons for the same outweigh the other. References Christensen, S. (2015). Healthy competition and unsound comparison: reforming educational competition in Singapore. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 13(4), 553-573. Chua, J. (2016). Dance education in Singapore: Policy, discourse, and practice. Arts Education Policy Review, 1-19. Jiayi, Z. (2014). Debunking the Myth of the Lazy Malays. Mendaki Occasional Paper Series, 1. Neihart, M., Teo, C. T. (2013). Addressing the needs of the gifted in Singapore. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 36(3), 290-306. Ponnusamy, L., Gopinathan, S. (2013). Singapore: Education in transition. Education in South-East Asia, 20, 233.Tan, C. (2017). Private Supplementary Tutoring and Parentocracy in Singapore. Interchange, 1- 15. Tan, J. (2013). Singapore: the Malay Ethnic MinorityPlaying Perennial Catch-up in Education?. Education in South-East Asia, 20, 255. Wan, M. T., Liu-Loh, M., Cheng, W., Khim, M. T. S., Wong, M. M., Krishnan, M., ... Hwan, C. (2015). OUR SCHOOL LEADERS.

Students’ Attitudes Towards Learning English Language free essay sample

This study investigated Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English in terms of the behavioral, cognitive and emotional aspects. It also explored whether there is any significant difference in the students’ attitudes towards English language based on their demographic profiles i. . , gender, field and year of study. A total of 180 participants in the three study years from three specializations of Basic Sciences, Life Sciences, and Social Sciences took a questionnaire as a measuring instrument. Regarding the three aspects of attitude i. e. , cognitive, behavioral, and emotional, the participants showed negative attitudes towards learning English. On the demographic profile, there were statistically significant attitudinal differences regarding gender and field of study but not year of study. Based on the research findings, some recommendations are finally presented. Keywords: EFL learner, Attitude, Language learning, Gender, Field of study, Year of study 1. Introduction It is argued that language learning is regarded as the cornerstone of human existence. Knowing the language can help us to express our opinions, hopes, and even our dreams (Tavil, 2009). In foreign Language learning context, there are various factors that influence the learning process such as motivation, attitudes, anxiety, learning achievements, aptitudes, intelligence, age, personalities, etc. Gardner, 1960; Lehmann, 2006, cited in Shams, 2008). The matter of learner’s attitude is acknowledged as one of the most important factors that impact on learning language (Fakeye, 2010). This study looks into the concept of attitude as one of the major affective factors for success in learning a foreign language. More specifically, it investigates Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language, taking into consideration the three aspects of attitude i. e. , emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. Additionally, it attempts to determine the influence of students’ demographic profile i. e. , gender, year and field of study on their attitudes towards learning English. 1. 1 Background of study Kara (2009) stated that attitudes towards learning besides opinions and beliefs have an obvious influence on students’ behaviors and consequently on their performance. It is argued that those students who possess positive beliefs about language learning have a tendency to increase more positive attitudes towards language learning. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education 119 www. ccsenet. org/ass Asian Social Science Vol. 8, No. 2; February 2012 Conversely, negative beliefs may lead to class anxiety, low cognitive achievement, and negative attitudes (Victori Lockhart, 1995). According to Alhmali (2007), the purpose of education in Libya is to obtain high grades and pass the exams. Creativity and understanding the nature of students and their needs are not taken into account. The EFL teachers’ role is basically to transmit information to their students effectively. There exists little knowledge about the best strategies to develop the students not just cognitively but also behaviorally and emotionally. In 2000, the new English curriculum â€Å"English for Libya† was implemented. This curriculum represents an outstanding change, compared to the previous one. Textbooks are based on the communicative approach. â€Å"The curriculum recommends that English to be used as much as possible by the teachers and students in the classroom. † (Orafi Borg, 2009). Yet, the new curriculum is not applied as planned mainly because of the obvious differences between the main standards of these books and teachers’ beliefs. Meanwhile, the controversial concern is why some EFL students attain higher grades in English language exams than others who are under the same conditions and situations. The concern on the learners’ attitudes towards the target language was emphasized by Gardner (1985). He stated that the learners’ attitudes towards learning another language play a key role in enhancing and motivating them to learn that language. This, in turn, affects on their performance, too. 1. 2 Research Questions and Hypotheses The research seeks to answer the following questions: 1- What are the attitudes of Libyan secondary school students towards learning English language in terms of their behavioral, cognitive and emotional aspects? 2- Is there any statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by gender? 3 Is there any a statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by the field of study? Is there any a statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by the year of study? Hence, the addressed hypotheses are: H01: There is not a statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by gender. H02: There is not a statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by the field of study. H03: There is not a statistically significant difference in Libyan secondary school students’ attitudes towards learning English language by the year of study. 2. Literature Review As attitude is one of the key predominant factors for success in language learning, numerous studies have already been conducted in the field of language attitude (Alhmali, 2007; Ghazali et al. , 2009). In addition, Saidat (2010) mentions that language attitude research has been considered in the previous 50 years because of the growing relation between the importance of the language use and the nature of individuals. However, the information concerning the language attitudes of Arab students, especially the Libyan students is not sufficient. For that reason, this study investigates the attitudes of EFL learners towards English language at secondary schools in Libya. 2. 1 Definitions of Attitude Researchers in the fields of psychology and education, especially language learning, consider several definitions of attitude which mention different meanings from different contexts and perspectives (Alhmali, 2007). Based on the theory of planned behavior, Montano and Kasprzyk (2008, p. 1) state, â€Å"Attitude is determined by the individual’s beliefs about outcomes or attributes of performing the behavior (behavioral beliefs), weighted by evaluations of those outcomes or attributes. Thus, a person who holds strong beliefs that positively valued outcomes will result from performing the behavior will have a positive attitude toward the behavior. Conversely, a person who holds strong beliefs that negatively valued outcomes will result from the behavior will have a negative attitude. † 120 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 www. ccsenet. org/ass Asian Social Science Vol. , No. 2; February 2012 Gardner (1985) also points out that attitude is an evaluative reaction to some referent or attitude object, inferred on the basis of the individual’s beliefs or opinions about the referent. â€Å"Attitude is thus linked to a person’s values and beliefs and promotes or discourages the choices made in all realms of activity, whether academic or informal. † Gardner’s argument led Wenden (1991) to present a comprehensive definition of the attitude concept. He classified the term â€Å"attitude† into three interrelated components namely, cognit ive, affective and behavioral. The cognitive component involves the beliefs, thoughts or viewpoints about the object of the attitude. The affective component refers to the individual’s feelings and emotions towards an object, whether he/she likes or dislikes. The behavioral component involves the tendency to adopt particular learning behaviors. 2. 2 Importance of Attitude Reid (2003, p. 33) declared, â€Å"Attitudes are important to us because they cannot be neatly separated from study. † Attitude is considered as an essential factor influencing language performance (Visser, 2008). Achievement in a target language relies not only on intellectual capacity, but also on the learner’s attitudes towards language learning. This means that learning language should be approached primarily as a social and psychological phenomenon rather than as a purely academic one. Kiptui and Mbugua (2009, cited in Tella et al, 2010) investigated that negative attitude towards English is the most affective and psychological factor that results in the students’ poor performance in English among the secondary schools in Kenya. . 3 Language Attitude Besides the intellectual perspective, the nature of language learning has psychological and social aspects and depends primarily on the learners’ motivation and attitude to learn the target language (Padwick, 2010). Gardner and Lambert (1972) have concluded that the ability of the students to master a second language is not only influenced by the mental competence or, language skills, but also on the students’ atti tudes and perceptions towards the target language. They also advocated that attitude concept could enhance the process of language learning, influencing the nature of student’s behaviors and beliefs towards the other language, its culture and community, and this will identify their tendency to acquire that language. In 1992, Baker proposed a comprehensive theoretical model, focusing on the importance of conducting attitudinal research in the field of language learning. Baker (1992, p. 9) states that, â€Å"In the life of a language, attitudes to that language appear to be important in language restoration, preservation, decay or death. Recently, De Bot et al. (2005) assert that language teachers, researchers and students should acknowledge that high motivation and positive attitude of students facilitate second language learning. Thus, if a learner does not have the interest and tendency in acquiring the target language to communicate with others, this learner will possess a negative attitude and will not be motivated and enthusiastic in language learning. Therefore, learners’ attitudes could incorporate in language learning because it may influence their performance in acquiring the target language. . 4 Aspects of Language Attitude Learning process is regarded as a positive change in the individual’s personality in terms of the emotional, psychomotor (behavioral) as well as cognitive domains, since when one has learned a specific subject, he/she is supposed to think and behave in a different manner and one’s beliefs have been distinguished (Kara, 2009). Furthermore, learning process has social as well as psychological aspects besides the cognitive approach. Attitude concept can be viewed from these three dimensions. Each one of these dimensions has different features to bring out language attitude results. Accordingly, the attitude concept has three components i. e. , behavioral, cognitive and affective. These three attitudinal aspects are based on the three theoretical approaches of behaviorism, cognitivism and humanism respectively. In the following, the three aspects of attitude concept i. e. , behavioral, cognitive, and emotional aspects are briefly described. 2. 4. 1 Behavioral Aspect of Attitude The behavioral aspect of attitude deals with the way one behaves and reacts in particular situations. In fact, the successful language learning enhances the learners to identify themselves with the native speakers of that language and acquire or adopt various aspects of behaviors which characterize the members of the target language community. Kara (2009) stated that, â€Å"Positive attitudes lead to the exhibition of positive behaviors toward courses of study, with participants absorbing themselves in courses and striving to learn more. Such students are also observed to be more eager to solve problems, to acquire the information and skills useful for daily life and to engage themselves emotionally.